Dehydration and diarrhea

In extreme heat, or with contaminated water after a disaster, dehydration comes on fast. Signs: intense thirst, dry mouth, scant dark urine, dizziness when standing, tiredness, confusion in severe cases.

Oral rehydration salts: use commercial packets according to the label. If you don't have any, make the homemade solution: 6 level teaspoons of sugar + ½ level teaspoon of salt in 1 liter (about 1 quart) of safe drinking water or water that has been boiled and cooled. Measure carefully: too much salt is dangerous; if it's more diluted, that's fine. It should not taste saltier than tears. Do not mix it with juice, milk, or soda, and make a fresh batch every 24 hours. Give small, frequent sips. Get medical care if there is persistent vomiting, blood in the stool, high fever, confusion, or if the person isn't urinating.