Nature and water
Someone is drowning: how to help without drowning
They sink silently, head back, mouth at water level. They almost never shout.
Do this nowTap each step when done
- 1Shout for help. Alert the lifeguard or call 911.
- 2Reach: extend a branch, pole, towel, or rope.
- 3Or throw something that floats: empty cooler, empty jug with a cap, life ring.
- 4Shout "Float!" and don't lose sight of them.
- 5Once they're out: check whether they respond and are breathing.
- 6Not breathing: CPR now. Give breaths if you know how. Dry the chest for the AED.
- 7Breathing: roll them onto their side, keep them warm, and watch them.
Don't
- Don't jump in the water without training: two can die.
- Don't go in without something that floats.
- Don't send them home without a medical checkup.
Have ready
- Something that floats within reach at a lake, river, or beach.
- Life jacket worn, not stored away.
- A rope in the car or the boat.
Key factSomeone who nearly drowned or swallowed water can get worse hours later: always see a doctor.
More detail
Reviewed: Nov 2026 · Sources: Chapter 7 · First Aid
