Allergic reactions and anaphylaxis

Mild reaction: localized hives or itching, sneezing, watery eyes. An over-the-counter antihistamine according to the label, and close watching. Anaphylaxis (emergency): difficulty breathing, wheezing, throat tightness, hoarse voice, swelling of the lips, tongue, or face, widespread hives, dizziness or fainting, vomiting, a feeling of impending doom. It can appear within minutes after a sting, food, or medication.

Using an epinephrine auto-injector

1. Call 911 (or have someone call while you act).
2. Use the auto-injector prescribed to that person and follow the instructions printed on it. Hold the device in your fist, without putting your thumb over either end, and remove the safety cap.
3. Inject into the outer thigh, at a right angle; it can go through clothing.
4. Hold it for the time the manufacturer specifies (on many models, a few seconds; some guidelines say up to 10 seconds), remove it, and massage the area.
5. Lay the person down with the legs elevated, or half-sitting if they have trouble breathing. Do not make them stand or walk.
6. If they don't improve, they may need a second dose according to their doctor's plan and what 911 advises (commonly after 5–15 minutes).
7. They must always go to the hospital, even if they improve: symptoms can return hours later. Hand the used auto-injector to the paramedics.